Bacteria + waste = Hydrogen
Monday, November 26th, 2007Fuel cell technology is still a long ways off. Honda’s fuel cell prototype will set you back over a million dollars - and it certainly doesn’t run like a similarly priced Ferrari.
One of the biggest stumbling blocks regarding fuel cell technology is the production and storage of hydrogen. Most people simply assume that you get hydrogen from water - put some electrodes in water, pass some current and you’ll see the hydrogen bubbling out. But that’s not where we get our hydrogen. Perhaps ironically (from a warming perspective), the hydrogen that is produced usually comes from the combustion of methane (CH4 + O2 –> CO2+2H2). And that’s assuming it’s complete combustion, incomplete combustion releases CO into the environment. Furthermore, consider that a sizable portion of our energy comes from coal plants (see CARMA) and if you have to get a lot of new electricity to produce the heat needed to make millions of tons of hydrogen to run all of our cars - the carbon pollution savings are not as great as you’d hope, if they even exist. (This by the way, is the same downfall as that for corn based ethanol. While the corn itself reduces the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, producing and burning ethanol puts carbon back into the atmosphere.)
But researches at Penn State were able to create hydrogen using bacteria. Essentially they utilized a bacterial fuel cell that performs electrolysis on a sample of organic matter (in the case of the research they used acetic acid). One of the biggest benefits is that with the help of the bacteria you don’t need to supply as much outside energy as you would otherwise, cutting down the amount of work we need to put in to produce hydrogen. And while other lingering technical hurdles are sure to keep fuel cells off of the mass market for quite some time this is definitely a step in the right direction.
Story from Wired